abdomen, belly,gut, stomach
这组词均指人体前胸与腿之间的部分,即“腹,腹部”,它们的区别是:
1.在非专门用法中,abdomen和stomach常可互换,可指内外腹部,也可指腹腔内部的消化器官。例如:
She looked at his protruding abdomen/stomach.她望着他那凸出的腹部。
2.在非专门用法中,belly和gut常可互换,可指肚子的外部,也可指肚子的内部,均为非正式用语。belly更强调身体前部胸腔下圆而突出的部分;gut更强调肚子内的器官。另外,gut常用复数形式。例如:
The tramp kicked the dog in the belly.那流浪汉一脚踢在狗的肚子上。
The enemy soldier stuck his bayonet into the woman's guts.敌兵用刺刀戳进那女人的肚子。
3.在专门用法中,abdomen指人体内横膈膜以下的体腔,即“腹,腹部”;stomach指消化性囊状器官,即“胃”;而gut在专门用法中意思是“肠”“内脏”。例如:
It takes time for the food in the stomach to be digested.消化胃里的食物是需要时间的。
Do not break the ink bag and cut the gut off.除去内脏,小心别把墨袋弄破。
4.belly引申可指任何东西的“内部”或“鼓出的部分”;stomach可用于比喻;guts还可指“勇气,决心”。例如:
The boat carried much cargo in its belly.船舱里装满了货物。
He has no stomach for swimming.他不想去游泳。
It takes a lot of guts to do something like that.要做那样的事情需要很大的勇气。
5.abdomen只用作名词;而stomach还可用作动词,意思是“吃得下”“忍受,接受”;belly也可用作动词,意思是“(使)鼓起”“(使)胀起”;gut也可用作动词,意思是“毁坏(建筑物等的)内部”“取出…的内脏”。例如:
I can't stomach garlic.我吃不惯大蒜。
He wouldn't stomach such an insult.这样的侮辱,他当然受不了。
The sail bellied out in the wind.船帆迎风鼓起。
The building was gutted by fire.建筑物的内部被大火焚毁。
She cut the fish's head off and gutted it.她把鱼头切下并取出了内脏。
Anxiety may disarrange the stomach.忧虑会引起胃病。
Eating green apples gave the boy a pain in the belly.吃没有熟的苹果使这孩子肚子疼。
The boss was fat-bellied.老板大腹便便。
I hit him in the stomach.我击中他的肚子。
gut在非专门用语中可与belly换用,但
The beggar's guts growling with hunger.那乞丐的肚子饿得咕噜咕噜地响。
That fellow's got a big gut.那家伙肚子好大。
gut用作动词
vt. 毁坏(建筑物等的)内部destroy the inside or contents of (a building,room etc.)
vt. 取出…的内脏take the guts out of (a fish,etc.)