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词义辨析

disease, illness, sickness

这组词都有“病”“疾病”的意思。它们的区别是：
1.disease泛指各种疾病,尤指传染病,遗传病和诸如心脏病、癌症等严重疾病; sickness多指晕船、恶心、胃病等方面的疾病或有关饮食方面的疾病; illness多指患病的状态及持续的时间,很可能是某种disease引起的,如不及时治疗,会导致严重的后果; sickness指各种身体上和感觉上一时的不适,病期最短,而disease病期最长。
2.disease多指具体的疾病, illness和sickness则通常表示抽象的疾病或生病状态。例如:
This disease affects millions in the world every year.这种病每年都使世界上上百万人受到感染。
The doctors broke through in their fight against heart disease.医生们在与心脏病作斗争方面有了新的突破。
There has been a lot of illness in the family recently.最近以来这家人常生病。
He was internally disturbed to hear of her illness.听说她病了,他内心很不安。
Her savings have been eaten up by illness.她的积蓄因为生病全给用光了。
The worker was absent owing to sickness.那个工人因病没来上班。

decease，disease

这两个单词的拼写仅有一个字母不同。
decease／di'si: s／是“死亡”、“去世”；与death相比，decease是正式用语，常见于法律条文中。
disease／di'zi:z／是“患病”、“疾病”。acute disease是“急性病”；chronic disease是“慢性病”； family disease是“遗传病”。

illness，sickness，disease，complaint

这些名词均有“疾病”之意。
illness不具体指，而是泛指一切疾病，强调生病的时间或状态，语体较sickness正式一些。
sickness较口语化，可与illness换用，但还可表示“恶心”。
disease指具体的疾病，且通常较严重，发病时间也较长。
complaint现代英语中，既可指症状，也可指疾病。

双语例句

1、

The disease has been eradicated from the world.

这种疾病已在全世界得到根除.

——《简明英汉词典》

2、

Overcrowding and poor sanitary conditions led to disease in the refugee camps.

过度拥挤和恶劣的卫生状况导致难民营中出现疾病。

——《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》

3、

disease resulting from poor sanitation

卫生条件差导致的疾病

——《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》

4、

The disease typically manifests itself in a high fever and chest pains.

这种疾病的典型症状是发高烧和胸痛.

——《简明英汉词典》

5、

He is dead of a disease.

他病死了.

——《简明英汉词典》

6、

Lack of proper nourishment reduces their power to resist disease.

营养不良降低了他们抵抗疾病的能力.

——《简明英汉词典》

7、

Dirt and disease are adverse to the best growth of children.

肮脏与疾病对儿童健康成长不利.

——《简明英汉词典》

8、

We must continue to war against poverty and disease.

我们一定要继续同贫穷和疾病作斗争.

——《简明英汉词典》

9、

We must carry on the patriotic public health campaign with a great fanfare, reduce disease and improve health conditions.

要大张旗鼓地开展爱国卫生运动, 减少疾病,提高健康水平.

——《现代汉英综合大词典》

10、

an early warning of heart disease

心脏病的早期症状

——《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》

11、

drugs that effectively modulate the disease process

可以有效控制疾病发展的药品

——《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》

12、

People with the disease were often treated as social outcasts.

患有这种疾病的人常被社会摈弃。

——《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》

13、

The progression of the disease can be retarded by early surgery.

早期手术可以抑制病情的发展。

——《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》

14、

The move follows growing public concern over the spread of the disease.

针对公众对该疾病的不断蔓延日益担忧，从而出台了这一举措。

——柯林斯例句

15、

The doctors are trying to stamp out the disease.

医生正在尽力消灭这种疾病.

——《简明英汉词典》

16、

The newcomers lacked immunity against local strains of the disease.

新来的人对这一疾病在当地的几种类型缺乏免疫力.

——《简明英汉词典》

17、

The doctor diagnosed my illness as a rare skin disease.

医生诊断我的病为罕见的皮肤病.

——《简明英汉词典》

18、

Poverty and disease often go together.

贫穷和疾病时常相伴而来.

——《简明英汉词典》

19、

Prejudice is a social disease.

偏见是一种社会弊病.

——《简明英汉词典》

20、

A diet deficient in vitamin D may cause the disease rickets.

缺少维生素D的饮食可能导致软骨病.

——《简明英汉词典》

21、

His research has contributed enormously to our understanding of this disease.

他的研究对我们认识这一疾病贡献很大.

——《简明英汉词典》

22、

The disease is potentially fatal.

这种疾病可能会致命.

——《简明英汉词典》

23、

Its use spreads disease and impoverishes the land.

用了它之后,病害蔓延,土地贫瘠.

——《简明英汉词典》

24、

Only other sufferers know what it is like to be afflicted with this disease.

只有其他得过这种病的人才知道得这种病的痛苦滋味.

——《简明英汉词典》

25、

The disease was stopped in its tracks by immunisation programmes.

免疫方案阻止了这种疾病的蔓延.

——《简明英汉词典》

26、

Disease is usually caused by germs.

疾病通常是由病菌引起的.

——《简明英汉词典》

27、

After the scourge of war came the scourge of disease.

战乱之后瘟疫接踵而来.

——《现代英汉综合大词典》

28、

This disease is not contagious [ infectious ] .

这病不传染.

——《现代汉英综合大词典》

29、

The disease makes rapid progress.

病情迅速好转.

——《现代英汉综合大词典》

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