shoot, shoot at
shoot和shoot at所表达的含义不同:shoot表示射中、射伤或射死; 而shoot at表示瞄准向某人或某物射击,但不一定射中。
shoot, dart
这两个词都可指“投射”,都强调起动的突然性。dart侧重起动后运动的快速与笔直,而shoot侧重运动的持续和延伸。
shoot, hang, kill, murder
这组词都有“杀(死)”的意思。它们的区别是：
1.kill是一般用语,指任何致死的行动,不能表示“杀而未死”; murder主要指用非法手段蓄意地、有预谋地杀害某人; shoot专指用枪打死或用非法手段暗杀某人,本词有“打(杀)而未必死”之义,故若强调“打(杀)死”时需要其他词的辅助,常见的结构有:
shoot...and kill..., shoot...to death, shoot...dead等; hang特指“绞死或吊死”。例如:
She killed him with a hammer.她用铁锤砸死了他。
He was murdered by his brother.他被他哥哥谋杀了。
He shot a lion with his rifle.他用步枪打中一头狮子。
He was hanged for murder.他因杀人而被绞死。
2.kill的宾语可以用于人,也可用于动物、植物; shoot的宾语可以用于人,也可用于动物; murder, hang的宾语只用于人,不能用于动物、植物。例如:
The frost killed the flowers.严霜使花枯死。
He shot a bird and killed it.他打中了一只鸟,并且把它打死了。
She murdered her husband.她谋杀了她的丈夫。
He hanged himself in sorrow after his wife died. 他妻子死后,他在悲痛之下吊死了。
shoot, bough, branch, spray, twig
这组词都有“树枝”的意思。它们的区别是：
1.branch为树枝的统称; twig指大树枝的细枝、嫩枝; shoot指植物的芽、嫩枝、新梢、苗; spray尤指有叶有花的树枝、花枝。
2.branch不分大小粗细; bough比较大; shoot最幼小; spray比shoot稍大、稍长一点。
He broke off a branch.
他折断了一根树枝。
They built their small shelter with boughs.
他们用大树枝搭起他们的小掩蔽处。
A few tender shoots of green had started to appear.
几颗绿色的嫩芽开始出现了。
Dry twigs are good to start a fire with.
干燥的细树枝用来生火很好。
branch，limb，bough，shoot
这些名词都含有“枝”之意。
branch普通用词，泛指树木比bough小一些的大枝或小枝，也可用于引申意义。
limb多指主枝或大枝。
bough指主枝或粗大强壮的枝。
shoot指植物或灌木刚长出的新枝、嫩枝或嫩芽。
