at hand, by hand, in hand, on hand, to hand
这组短语意思并不相同。它们的区别在于:
1.by hand表示“用手”“亲自”。例如:
Are your socks knitted by hand or machine-made?你的袜子是手工织的还是机器织的?
2.to hand为商业信札里的用语,表示“(信)已收到”。例如:
Yours to hand.来函收悉。
Your letter is to hand.来函收悉。
3.in hand多用于引申义,可表示“(局势)在控制中”“(工作)在进行中”,也可表示“(钱、物、时间)在手中”,即可供使用。例如:
The situation is now in hand.局势现在控制住了。
The printers say that Tom's book is now in hand and will be ready by the beginning of next month.印刷厂说,汤姆的书目前正在印刷,下月初可以印完。
4.at hand可用于空间指“在手边”“在附近”,也可用于时间指“即将来临”,多与系动词be的一般时态连用。例如:
I couldn't look up the spelling of the word, as I hadn't a dictionary at hand.我没法查这个词的拼写,因为我手边没有词典。
He lives close at hand.他住在近处。
The great day is at hand.这个伟大的日子就要到来。
5.on hand可用于空间指“在手边”“在附近”,也可用于时间指“即将来临”,须用于将来时, on hand可引申表示“出席”“在场”。例如:
I always like to keep a certain amount of money on hand, in case of an emergency.我总喜欢手边留一定量的钱,以备不时之需。
at sb's hands, in sb's hands, on sb's hands
这组短语含义并不相同。它们的区别在于:
1.at sb's hands表示“受折磨”。例如:
The captive suffered much harsh treatment at his jailers hands.那个犯人受到狱卒许多残酷的折磨。
I did not expect such unkind treatment at your hands.我没料到你会如此无情。
2.in sb's hands表示“在某人手中”“由某人处理”。例如:
The documents are in my solicitor's hands.文件由我的律师保管。
The matter is in your hands.这事要由你决定。
As regards the next move,I am in your hands entirely.关于下一步我完全听你的。
3.on sb's hands表示“由某人负责”。例如:
I have an empty house on my hands.有一所空房子要我照管。
I don't know how Mrs. Jones manages with three growing children and an invalid husband on her hands.琼斯夫人有三个未成年的孩子和一个残废的丈夫要照看,我不知道她怎么应付得了。
with a heavy hand, with a high hand, with a strong hand
这组短语的意思并不相同。它们的区别在于:with a high hand的意思是“专横的”; with a strong hand的意思是“用高压手段”; with a heavy hand的意思是“滥用一气”。例如:
Well,I don't like him; he deals with everything with a high hand.是嘛,我不喜欢他,他做起事来总是专横。
These bosses used to put the strike down with a strong hand.这些老板以往总是用高压手段来压制罢工。
We are very short of water, so don't use it with a heavy hand as you usually do.我们用水短缺,因此不能像平时那样滥用一气。
with open hands, with open arms
with open arms的意思是“热情地”, with open hands则是“花钱大手大脚地”的意思。例如:
We welcomed these foreign guests with open arms.我们热情地欢迎这些外宾。
Susan spends her money with open hands.苏珊花钱大手大脚。
lift a hand, lift one's hand
这两个短语的意思并不相同。它们的区别在于:lift a hand意思是“举手之劳”; 而lift one's hand意思是“举手”。例如:
Please lift a hand to turn it over.请费心把它翻一下。
The prisoner lifted his hand and pleaded not guilty.这个犯人举手来诉说自己无罪。
hand on, on hand
这两个短语结构相同,词序不同,含义用法也不同。前者意为“传递”,是“ v.+adv. ”型短语动词,其后接传递的东西作宾语,再加to引出传给的对象。后者是“ prep.+n. ”型短语,作“在手头”解时在句中常用作状语,而作“在场”解时常用作表语。例如:
Please hand on the magazine to Sybil. 请把这杂志传给西比尔。
I have a great deal of important work on hand.我手头有许多重要的工作要做。
Please be on hand at 11 sharp.请在11点整到这里来。
hand in, in hand
这两个短语结构相同,词序不同,含义用法也不同,前者意为“上交”,是“ v.+adv. ”型短语动词,其后接上交的东西作宾语。后者是“ prep.+n. ”型短语,作“在手头”解时在句中常用作状语。例如:
Each student has to hand in a composition.每个学生都要交一篇作文。
I still have some money in hand.我手头还有些钱。
lay a hand on, lay hands on
这两个短语共同的意思是“打人”,都是口头用语,常用于否定句和疑问句中,它们的区别在于:
1.lay a hand on指“打一下”,而lay hands on则起码“打两下或两下以上”。试比较:
Nobody has laid a hand on me yet.
至今还没人打过我一下。
Nobody has laid hands on me yet.
至今还没人打过我。
2.lay hands on还可表示“找到”“弄到”,而lay a hand on无此义。
下面句子中短语的意思相同:
Well,I should give my hand on the bargain.
好吧,我就答应你出的价钱。
The young lady has given her hand to his request.
这位年轻的姑娘已经同意他的求婚请 求了。
下面句子中短语的意思不同。试比较:
Your letter has come to hand.
你的来信我收到了。
The key I lost this morning has come to my hand.
我今天早晨丢的钥匙已经找到了。
下面句子中短语的意思相反。试比较:
Master Lu is an old hand in our factory.
我们厂里陆师傅是个老手。
Mr. Wu is a green hand.
吴先生是个新手。
