pain

[peɪn]
  • n.

    痛;痛苦;讨厌的人/事;

  • v.

    使痛苦;使苦恼;

  • 单词变形

    复数: pains 过去式: pained 过去分词: pained 现在分词: paining 第三人称单数: pains


  • 词义辨析

    at pains, at the pains

    这两个短语都可作“努力”“下苦功”解。它们的区别在于:at pains搭用动词不定式短语,而at the pains则要搭用介词of引起的动名词短语。

    for pain, with pain

    这两个短语都可作“由于疼痛”解。它们的区别在于:for pain常用在否定句里,而with pain常用在肯定句里。例如:
    I couldn't sleep for pain.我由于疼痛而不能入眠。
    The boy was crying with pain.那男孩疼得在哭泣。

    pain, ache, sting, stitch

    这组词共同的意思是“疼痛”。它们的区别是:
    1.pain使用最广泛,可替换本组其他各词。pain所表示的疼痛,可以是全身的,也可以是局部的; 可以是剧烈的,也可以是轻微的; 可以是长时间的,也可以是短暂的; 可以是身体上的,也可以是精神上的。而ache多指局部的、轻微的、持续的身体疼痛,尤指隐痛、闷痛,少指精神上的痛苦。例如“她痛得直叫。”显然是剧烈的、暂时的,故应译为She cried with pain.再如:As the infection developed, the dull ache in his joints became a sharp stabbing pain.由于感染的发展,他关节的隐痛变成了剧烈的刺痛。
    2.sting指“刺痛”,主要指植物的刺或动物叮蜇所引起的刺痛,也可指精神上所受到的刺激。例如:
    The sting of coral can be very painful.珊瑚刺伤可引起剧痛。
    I still feel the sting of her bitter remarks.她的刻薄话现在仍使我感到痛心。
    3.stitch特指胁部疼痛且往往伴以痉挛。例如:
    All that dancing gave me a stitch in my side.一直跳舞,我的胁部好疼呀!
    4.ache可以和表示身体一部分的名词构成复合词,而其他几个词则不能。

    pain, pang, smart

    这三个词都可指肉体上的疼痛,也可指精神上的疼痛。它们的区别在于:pain所表示的疼痛可以是剧烈的,也可以是轻微的; 而pang和smart表示的都是强烈的、剧烈的疼痛。例如:
    He was anxious about an off-and-on pain in the abdomen.他因腹部时隐时现的疼痛而忧虑。
    She felt a sudden pang of regret.她突然感到痛悔不已。
    He felt his eyes smart with fatigue.他因困倦而感到两眼剧痛。

    pain(s), bid, effort(s), endeavour(s), exertion(s)

    这组词都可作“努力”解。它们的区别是:
    effort(s)着重指动作的本身; endeavour(s)着重作出努力的认真和决心; exertion(s)着重于动作的积极性或剧烈性; bid着重于为达到某种企图而作出的努力; pain(s)侧重为完成某事花费气力。例如:
    I will make a great effort to master English我会努力掌握英语。
    The cabinet is making all possible endeavours to bring about national economic stabilization.政府内阁将尽最大努力使国家经济趋于稳定。
    I was quite hot and tired after all my exertions.用力干后,我又热又累。
    Our Department is making a bid for the interdepartmental basketball championship.我们系正力求夺取系际的篮球赛冠军。
    For thirty years,Teacher Liu has been taking great pains in educating us.30年来,刘教员一直劳心努力地教育我们。

    下面两个句子的意思是一样的:

    It's a pain to get up so early in the morn- ing.
    It's a pain getting up so early in the morn- ing.
    这么早起床,真叫人讨厌。

    ache,pain,sore

    这些名词都含有“疼、疼痛”之意。
    ache指人体某一器官较持久的疼痛,常常是隐痛。
    pain可与ache换用,但pain既可指一般疼痛,也可指剧痛,疼痛范围可以是局部或全身,时间可长可短。也可引申指精神上的痛苦。
    sore指身体某部位的痛处,有是也指精神上的痛苦。

  • 双语例句
1、

a cry of pain

痛苦的喊叫

——《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》

2、

We were forbidden, under pain of imprisonment, to use our native language.

我们被禁止使用母语,违者将被关进监狱。

——柯林斯例句

3、

Mobil is at pains to point out that the chances of an explosion at the site are remote.

美孚公司急于说明那个地点发生爆炸的可能性微乎其微。

柯林斯例句

4、

The Professor lavished his learning on the young visitor but gained little gratitude for his pains.

教授将自己的学识倾囊传授给那位年轻访客,到头来却没有获得一点感激。

柯林斯例句

5、

(old use)The wound still pained him occasionally.

他还是感到伤口不时疼痛。

牛津高阶英汉双解词典

6、

stomach/chest pains

胃 / 胸痛

牛津高阶英汉双解词典

7、

...grey eyes that seemed filled with pain.

似乎充满了痛苦的灰眼睛

柯林斯高阶英语词典

8、

She was deeply pained by the accusation.

这一指控使她极为痛苦。

牛津高阶英汉双解词典

9、

This cream should help to relieve the pain .

这种药膏应有助于止痛。

牛津高阶英汉双解词典

10、

The pain is getting worse.

疼得越来越厉害了。

朗文当代高级英语词典 第6版

11、

The booklet contains information on pain relief during labour.

这本小册子介绍了减轻分娩疼痛的知识。

牛津高阶英汉双解词典

12、

the pain of separation

离别的痛苦

牛津高阶英汉双解词典

13、

There were times when Joe could be a real pain in the neck.

有时候乔真的很讨人嫌。

朗文当代高级英语词典 第6版

14、

They were required to cut pollution levels, on pain of a £10 000 fine if they disobeyed.

他们被要求降低污染水平,违则罚款1万英镑。

牛津高阶英汉双解词典

15、

She can be a real pain when she's in a bad mood.

她脾气不好时,真是令人头痛。

牛津高阶英汉双解词典

16、

She was clearly in a lot of pain .

她显然疼痛万分。

牛津高阶英汉双解词典

17、

I never meant to cause her pain.

我从没有让她痛苦之意。

牛津高阶英汉双解词典

18、

You get more aches and pains as you get older.

年纪越大,疼痛就越多。

牛津高阶英汉双解词典

19、

All Corfield got for his pains was a bullet in the head...

科菲尔德千辛万苦,到头来却被一枪爆头。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

20、

patients suffering from acute back pain

患剧烈背痛的病人

牛津高阶英汉双解词典

21、

It pains me to think of you struggling all alone.

想到你一个人苦苦挣扎,我很难过。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

22、

This public acknowledgment of Ted's disability pained my mother...

这一下大家都知道了特德的残疾,这让母亲非常痛苦。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

23、

He felt a sharp pain in his knee.

他感到膝盖一阵剧痛。

牛津高阶英汉双解词典

24、

...a bone disease that caused excruciating pain...

造成剧痛的骨病

柯林斯高阶英语词典

25、

It's a pain having to go all that way for just one meeting.

就为了见一次面,要跑那么远的路,真烦死人了。

牛津高阶英汉双解词典

26、

the pleasures and pains of growing old

变老的苦与乐

牛津高阶英汉双解词典

27、

I had taken great pains with my appearance.

我在自己的容貌上下了很多工夫。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

28、

It pains me to see you like this.

看到你这副模样真令我难过。

牛津高阶英汉双解词典

29、

Social workers went to great pains to acknowledge men's domestic rights...

社会工作者尽量尊重男性的家庭权利。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

30、

...back pain.

背痛

柯林斯高阶英语词典

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