lose one's place, lose one's position
这两个短语都是由lose引起的短语,其中place和position都表示“位置”。它们的区别是:
前者的意思是“找不到地方”;后者的意思是“失去职务”。例如:
We lost our place because we lost sight of building.
由于我们看不见那座楼,我们就找不 到地方了。
Nobody knew what had lost his position.
谁也不知道是什么使他失去职务。
be lost in, be lost on, be lost to
这组短语都由lose的被动结构加介词所构成。它们的区别是:
be lost in表示“充满着”;be lost on表示“失效”,含有“不起作用”的意思;be lost to则表示“丧失了…”“感觉不到”。例如:
I was lost in admiration for your perform- ance under such difficult conditions.
我对你在如此条件下作出的成绩钦 佩不已。
Your advice was lost on them.
你的劝告对他们起不了作用。
They were lost to all sense of shame.
他们恬不知耻。
lose way, lose the/one's way
这两个短语的意思不同,前者的意思是“减速”,后者的意思是“迷路”。试比较:
The bus came losing way into the stop.
巴士减速进站。
He lost his way in the mist.
他在雾霭中迷了路。
lose, mislay, miss
这三个动词都有“丢失”的意思。它们的区别是:
1.lose语气较强,是常用语,指偶然遗失东西,而且暗示永远失去。用作及物动词时,后面常接钱财、物品、机会等名词。
2.miss意义专一,指人们察觉到东西已经丢失,含有可能找回之义,可以用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词,其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词或从句。例如:
He fired two shots, both missed.他打了两枪,都没有打中。
I didn't miss the key until I got home and found it wasn't in my bag.直到我回到家,想从包里拿钥匙时,才发现它不见了。
I missed seeing the film when it was shown at school.那电影在学校放映时我没有去看。
It seems that we have missed our chance.好像我们已失去了机会。
3.mislay指把某物放在想不起来的地方,也可作“遗失”解。例如:
Oh dear,I've mislaid my glasses again.哎呀!我又忘记把我的眼镜放在什么地方了。
lose, forget, leave
这组词都有“遗忘”的意思。它们的区别在于:
1.lose指由于着急而一时想不起来。例如:
He lost his nerve and his memory for names.他不知所措且想不起名字来。
2.forget指由于记忆上的忽略而对某人或某物失去了印象,这种“忘记”可能只是暂时的,也可能是长久的,且有“疏忽,忽略”之义。例如:
Don't forget your duties.别玩忽职守。
We mustn't forget our origin.我们不能忘本。
I clean forgot to ask him about it.我完全忘了向他打听那件事。
I forgot reading the book.我忘记了以前读过这本书。
3.leave指忘记带了某物,有较强的感情色彩,强调“不在”。例如:
He left his keys in his bed.他把钥匙遗忘在床上了。
Oh dear! The travelling bag has been left.哎呀!忘拿旅行袋了。
下面各组中的两句话意思相同:
We lost 2000 yuan on that job.
That job lost us 2000 yuan .
我们在那项工作上亏损2000元。
Be five minutes slow.
Lose five minutes.
(钟、表)慢5分钟。
America lost to Australia.
America lost the match against Australia.
美国队输给了澳大利亚队。
lose,miss,misplace
这些动词均有“丢失、遗失”之意。
lose最普通用词,侧重遗失了,难以找回来。
miss着重发觉某人或某物不见的瞬间,也可作思念解。
misplace指反映东西放错或故意放错地方。