lose

[luːz]
  • v.

    输掉;遗失;损失;被夺去;减轻;不明白;逃脱;浪费(时间);走慢;删掉;亏损;

  • 单词变形

    过去式: lost 过去分词: lost 现在分词: losing 第三人称单数: loses


  • 词义辨析

    lose one's place, lose one's position

    这两个短语都是由lose引起的短语,其中place和position都表示“位置”。它们的区别是:
    前者的意思是“找不到地方”;后者的意思是“失去职务”。例如:
    We lost our place because we lost sight of building.
    由于我们看不见那座楼,我们就找不 到地方了。
    Nobody knew what had lost his position.
    谁也不知道是什么使他失去职务。

    be lost in, be lost on, be lost to

    这组短语都由lose的被动结构加介词所构成。它们的区别是:
    be lost in表示“充满着”;be lost on表示“失效”,含有“不起作用”的意思;be lost to则表示“丧失了…”“感觉不到”。例如:
    I was lost in admiration for your perform- ance under such difficult conditions.
    我对你在如此条件下作出的成绩钦 佩不已。
    Your advice was lost on them.
    你的劝告对他们起不了作用。
    They were lost to all sense of shame.
    他们恬不知耻。

    lose way, lose the/one's way

    这两个短语的意思不同,前者的意思是“减速”,后者的意思是“迷路”。试比较:
    The bus came losing way into the stop.
    巴士减速进站。
    He lost his way in the mist.
    他在雾霭中迷了路。

    lose, mislay, miss

    这三个动词都有“丢失”的意思。它们的区别是:
    1.lose语气较强,是常用语,指偶然遗失东西,而且暗示永远失去。用作及物动词时,后面常接钱财、物品、机会等名词。
    2.miss意义专一,指人们察觉到东西已经丢失,含有可能找回之义,可以用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词,其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词或从句。例如:
    He fired two shots, both missed.他打了两枪,都没有打中。
    I didn't miss the key until I got home and found it wasn't in my bag.直到我回到家,想从包里拿钥匙时,才发现它不见了。
    I missed seeing the film when it was shown at school.那电影在学校放映时我没有去看。
    It seems that we have missed our chance.好像我们已失去了机会。
    3.mislay指把某物放在想不起来的地方,也可作“遗失”解。例如:
    Oh dear,I've mislaid my glasses again.哎呀!我又忘记把我的眼镜放在什么地方了。

    lose, forget, leave

    这组词都有“遗忘”的意思。它们的区别在于:
    1.lose指由于着急而一时想不起来。例如:
    He lost his nerve and his memory for names.他不知所措且想不起名字来。
    2.forget指由于记忆上的忽略而对某人或某物失去了印象,这种“忘记”可能只是暂时的,也可能是长久的,且有“疏忽,忽略”之义。例如:
    Don't forget your duties.别玩忽职守。
    We mustn't forget our origin.我们不能忘本。
    I clean forgot to ask him about it.我完全忘了向他打听那件事。
    I forgot reading the book.我忘记了以前读过这本书。
    3.leave指忘记带了某物,有较强的感情色彩,强调“不在”。例如:
    He left his keys in his bed.他把钥匙遗忘在床上了。
    Oh dear! The travelling bag has been left.哎呀!忘拿旅行袋了。

    下面各组中的两句话意思相同:

    We lost 2000 yuan on that job.
    That job lost us 2000 yuan .
    我们在那项工作上亏损2000元。
    Be five minutes slow.
    Lose five minutes.
    (钟、表)慢5分钟。
    America lost to Australia.
    America lost the match against Australia.
    美国队输给了澳大利亚队。

    lose,miss,misplace

    这些动词均有“丢失、遗失”之意。
    lose最普通用词,侧重遗失了,难以找回来。
    miss着重发觉某人或某物不见的瞬间,也可作思念解。
    misplace指反映东西放错或故意放错地方。

  • 双语例句
1、

When [ Where , How ] ever did you lose it?

你到底何时 [ 何地, 怎样 ] 丢失了这个东西?

——《现代英汉综合大词典》

2、

He is walking proof that people can lose weight quickly.

他是人能迅速变瘦的活见证.

——《简明英汉词典》

3、

Only once in his life had Douglas permitted himself to lose control of his emotions.

道格拉斯一生中只有一次情绪失控。

——柯林斯例句

4、

If you play the fool, and lose a good job on consequence , you can hardly expect much sympathy.

如果你干蠢事而失去一份好工作, 你几乎得不到大家的同情.

——《简明英汉词典》

5、

The drugs work well at first but gradually lose their effectiveness.

这些药的效果起初非常好,但后来逐渐失效.

——《简明英汉词典》

6、

An army swollen with pride is bound to lose.

骄兵必败.

——《现代汉英综合大词典》

7、

While they have not got their aims , their anxiety is how to get them ; when they have got them, their anxiety is lest they should lose them.

其未得之也, 患得之; 既得之, 患失之.

——《现代汉英综合大词典》

8、

There must be adequate recompense for workers who lose their jobs.

必须给失业的工人足够的补偿。

——《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》

9、

Sunscreen can lose its potency if left over winter in the bathroom cabinet.

如果把防晒霜在盥洗室的壁橱里放一个冬天,就有可能失效。

——柯林斯例句

10、

Both countries have much to lose if there is a war.

若战事一起,两国均会损失惨重。

柯林斯例句

11、

I always lose at cards, with my bad luck.

我不走运,打牌总输.

——《简明英汉词典》

12、

Avoid cashing in a policy early as you could lose out heavily.

不要提早兑现保单,那样你可能会损失惨重。

柯林斯例句

13、

You must cut down on sugar to lose weight.

你必须少吃糖以减轻体重.

《简明英汉词典》

14、

The shirt's cuffs won't sag and lose their shape after washing.

这件衬衫的袖口洗后照样挺括,不变形。

柯林斯例句

15、

Keep close by the leader and then you won't lose your way.

紧跟着那位领头人,这样你就不会迷路.

《简明英汉词典》

16、

If she divorced Tony, she would lose the respectability she had as Mrs Tony Tatterton.

如果她和托尼离婚,将失去她作为托尼·塔特滕夫人的名望。

——柯林斯例句

17、

Some people can diet like crazy and not lose weight.

有些人拼命节食也不能减肥。

——柯林斯例句

18、

I'll never lose heart even if I should fail ten times.

即使失败10次,我也不灰心.

——《现代汉英综合大词典》

19、

This is something where you can earn such a lot of money that there is not any risk that you will lose it.

这可以让你挣一大笔钱,而且没有任何赔钱的风险。

——柯林斯例句

20、

He didn't want to lose his life in [ on ] the battle field.

他不想在战场上送命.

——《简明英汉词典》

21、

We must not lose sight of this fact.

我们一定不要忽略这个事实.

——《简明英汉词典》

22、

England doesn't want a war but it doesn't want to lose face.

英格兰不想打仗,但也不想丢面子。

——柯林斯例句

23、

How much money did you lose at the races?

赛马会上你输了多少钱?

——《简明英汉词典》

24、

They worried that German companies would lose business.

他们担心德国公司的业务量会下滑。

——柯林斯例句

25、

Don't lose your temper over such a trifle.

不要为这点小事发脾气.

——《现代汉英综合大词典》

26、

Fans just get the hump when they lose.

如果他们输了,球迷便会很恼火。

——柯林斯例句

27、

People do not know the value of healthtill they lose it.

人们直到失去健康,才知道健康的可贵.

——《现代英汉综合大词典》

28、

We mustn't lose the good qualities of the labouring people.

劳动人民的本色不能丢.

——《现代汉英综合大词典》

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